Legal Issues in Interviewing

I would never try to pronounce the name the way Lance did. I would simply ask how to pronounce the candidate's name. I would then ask the candidate to tell me a little about themselves. This is the part the usually will disclose where they are from, if they have children, married or not, where they went to school, and their interests. 2. Incarceration Insult: If I felt that the candidate may have a criminal record I would then discuss the back ground check that will be performed. Hopefully this Is when the candidate will speak up If they do have a criminal back ground. . Elderly Error: I don't see why this is coming up in the interview anyways. This is an inappropriate question and should never be asked. If the interviewer feels that he or she should know this information then they should have the candidate fill out an application that will have them put their DOBB down and then Just do the math. 4. Medical Muddle: How Lance words this Is again unprofessional and Inappropriate. An e asier way to may ask the candidate If there Is anything that may restrict them in doing any of the work duties that they are applying for. . Offspring Offense: This is important information to know but the key is how to word the question without offending anyone. I would explain that the Job will have some demanding hours and shifts. I would further explain that they may have to cover and work doubles or work evening hours. Then I would ask them if there was anything that would prevent them for being able to work these hours. 6. Interview. 7. Language Louse-Up: This again was very unprofessional and irrelevant. I would check the resume to see if the candidate is bilingual.If so I would then ask him what languages and leave that subject at that. 8. Pregnancy Problem: If the candidate is fit for the position and will do well with the company I would offer the job and then discuss maternity leave with the candidate. 9. Racial Rudeness: Asking anything that is related to the candidate's race is irrelevant and unprofessional. I would never ask anything like this. 10. Religious Ruckus: Again this is an inappropriate question that does not need to be asked or brought up.I loud give her the information regarding paid holidays if it got to that point in the interview and let her know if she needs a different holiday that is not listed then she can feel free to use her vacation time for this holiday. I think that if I was ever in an interview with Lance and he asked me the questions like he did in the video I would definitely cut the interview short and ask to speak to his supervisor. Most questions asked in this video were done very condescending and rude. Most likely Lances superiors have no idea that this is how interviews candidates.

Moral Dilemma

Amy is a sweet six year old girl from our neighborhood and she had always played with my dog when she got home from preschool. I was friends with her mother and she was already familiar with me which meant that I did not have to establish rapport to interview her. I sought permission from the parents if I may use her responses to a moral dilemma in my course assignments and they gave their consent. Amy is a precocious child, she likes to play with the neighborhood kids and she can argue even with those older than her when she wants to prove a point. I was trying to devise a moral dilemma that was fitted for her age and reality and I thought of using my dog in it so she would be more able to relate. One afternoon, right after school, I asked Amy the following: Suppose you were playing in this yard, and you saw that Boo had been wandering in the neighbor’s lawn and you saw him made a mess in the lawn. You know that the neighbors might get angry with it but since you really love Boo and he might get in to trouble if you tell the neighbors that he made a mess in their lawn you do not say anything. Now that the neighbors had found out about it and they suspected that the other neighbor’s dog did it and they were actually going to have the dog arrested. What would you do? After some thought, Amy asked me whether the police would really arrest the dog after making a mess in the neighbor’s backyard and although I was actually trying hard not to laugh, I told her that in this city they do. Amy fell silent and thought for a while, and then she said, I  guess I have to tell because the police will find out and I might get arrested too. I then asked her, what if the police question you; will you tell then or not? Amy replied that she would not lie  because God would be angry with her. I also told her, what if the neighbor’s won’t be angry, will she still tell? Amy replied that she would not because no one had asked her and she would not want Boo to get into trouble. I also asked her whether what Boo did was bad and does she not think not telling I bad? Amy said that what Boo did was not wrong or bad because dogs are really like that and she did not think that not telling was bad either because no one asked her. I must admit that Amy’s responses had me confused and I was reading Kohlberg’s moral stages of development and I tried to determine at what stage Amy was, even if she was just 6 years old, she had some pretty logical responses like when she said that Boo was not bad because dogs really do mess on lawns and that she was not bad because she did not lie at all, it was that no one asked her. She made it clear that if someone asks her, then she would tell the truth because she would not want God to be angry with her. Using Kohlberg’s stages of moral development, I will try to examine Amy’s responses fully. According to Kohlberg, moral development proceeds in a successive pattern and each moral reasoning is distinct from the other, although some people may resort to an earlier moral reasoning stage to examine a moral dilemma (Boyd & Bee, 2006). For example, a child is said to be in the first stage of moral development which Kohlberg calls precoventional morality and wherein the child’s moral reasoning is determined by punishment and authority. An older child  may be oriented towards conventional morality where a certain amount of goodness is ascribed to actions that benefit family members or society would still use the authority and punishment orientation if the situation presents itself. With Amy’s responses it is clear that she was still in the first stage. She was not going to lie because God would be angry with her, this to her meant that God punishes all children who lie and since God is all knowing and sees her actions then God would be able to tell whether she was saying the truth or not. This clearly indicates the orientation to think in terms of authority and punishment. Amy was more likely to have been told numerous times that lying is bad and even if no one would know that one is lying, God is able to tell who is lying or not thus it does not make sense to lie at all. It is also noteworthy that Amy uses the word lie to not saying the truth but to refer to not saying anything as not telling. This implies that Amy is able to distinguish to a certain degree when a wrong is committed, lying is bad but not telling is not bad. An older child might argue that not telling is the same as lying but then it is probably an influence of Amy’s environment and the people she interact with. On the other hand, when Amy said that Boo was not wrong at all because he was a dog and dog naturally make messes in the lawn tells me that she actually has a fairly good idea about how man and animals are different and how dogs are not governed by the moral reasoning of man (Sandstrom, Martin & Fine, 2006). This is actually reflects the second stage in Kohlberg’s reasoning, although the subject is Boo, it still shows that Amy is able to discern that punishment is a risk that one has to avoid. For example, she said that she did not want Boo to get into to  trouble so she would not tell. This meant that she did not want Boo to be punished and she has a role in it, but if she was going to be the one punished or someone else’s dog then that would not be right and therefore she just have to say the truth so she won’t get punished. Amy also was probably in the outset of the third stage of moral development, she was trying to protect Boo and had given Boo a sense of identity and feelings by saying that Boo would be in trouble and arresting Boo would not be right. Amy was maintaining good interpersonal relationships, she thought that by protecting Boo she was being good to Boo and since she liked Boo she was obligated to protect Boo’s welfare. However, since she argued that if someone asked her about Boo’s crime, she would not lie is still in the obedience stage. The whole exercise had made me think that Kohlberg was probably right in saying that moral development proceeds in distinct patterns. But I would argue that it is not as strictly hierarchical as Kohlberg claim it to be. We know that stage theories presuppose that one stage leads to another and that a person cannot be able to proceed to the next stage if he/she does not go through the first one (Crain, 2005). This is actually true, but the stages are more fluid and a person can gravitate from one stage to another. It does not indicate moral maturity or highly ethical principles but it just shows how people progress in their moral thinking. Amy at 6 years old is quite adept at making her point about lying and not lying and about being punished and God being angry with her. But it also revealed that she is capable of higher thinking processes  that are actually rational even for a 6 year old like her. Kohlberg also said that the stages of moral development is influenced by the socialization process (Kohlberg, 1986), and in effect is merely a product of how a child is socialized into thinking about what is wrong and what is right. Amy comes from a very religious family and God is an ever present element in their house that it is no wonder that Amy think of God like that. It could also be that because Amy is still young, and her parents might think that she would be more obedient to God than to other authority figures and therefore has inculcated in her mind that God punishes liars. In the end, moral development is actually more a function of how a child is reared and trained, it is the parent’s role to instill moral values and train them into thinking morally right. References Boyd, D. & Bee, H. (2006). Lifespan Development 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Crain, W. (2005). Theories of Development: Concepts and Applications 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Kohlberg, L. (1986). The Philosophy of Moral Development. San Francisco: Harper and Row. Sandstrom, K., Martin, D. & Fine, G. A.   (2006). Symbols, Selves, and Social Reality 2nd ed. Los Angeles: Roxbury Press   

Physical Security in the Army

The Army regulation regarding Physical Security is AR 190-16 which states: That part of security concerned with physical measures designed to safeguard personnel, to prevent unauthorized access to equipment, installations, material and documents, and to safeguard them against espionage, sabotage, damage, and theft. The importance of maintaining accountability of your equipment as a U. S. Army As a Soldier is that I'm responsible for maintaining accountability for everything I am signed for. Meaning that I am to know where everything is that i'm signed for, and to ensuring that it is also secure. I should also be more cautious with Sensitive items such as my weapon, raido, body armor, kevlar, NBC Mask and so on. These are not just items for my personal use, they are a part of my combat uniform and necessary to complete my mission should it go down the shitter. Accountability of your sensitive items is important. To lose a sensitive item can be detrimental to the readiness of your unit in times of war or training. The consequences of losing sensitive items varies from item to item according to its value and importance. There are many other punishments such as life in prison. To lose a sensitive item can also be a violation of the army values. It violates the values of Duty and Integrity. It violates duty because without the proper equipment you cannot perform your duties. You also let down your platoon and/ or squad by not knowing where your items are. It violates the integrity of yourself by letting your platoon down. Your platoon counts on you to make sure you know where all your items are. If the enemy get a hold of them it makes for a very bad day. The enemy would like nothing more than to get a hold of or weapon systems and our radios. The enemy wants to know everything about how the militaryworks and about our operations. In times of war the more sensitive an item is the more the enemy craves the item. You should never leave equipment lyingaround. If you see that your battle buddy has leftany equipment lying around no matter what it is from patrol cap to an SKL Secure it and make sure you let them know off line the mistake they have made. It does not matter what rank they are. So, it is very important to secure all your sensitive equipment and items, and maintain accountability. The reason simply is to keep very important high costvalued items and equipment 700 accounted for so people all around you do not have to deal with the consequences of the lost item or equipment. Also every sensitve item or equipment is high dollar valued so if you lose it you will be hurting money wise by losing a grand or more easily right on the spot. And after that you can possibly do jail time from six months to a year and sure their will be rank taken away or something along those lines. You might even get an article fifteen after all that or maybe when you have to pay for the lost sensitive equipment or item so these should be a main priority to maintainand know where they are at all times and are accounted for either battle buddy. According to FM 7-21. 13 Chapter 3 on Duties and Responsibilities of the Individual Soldier: â€Å"Duties are general requirements to be performed. Duty begins with everything required of you by law, regulation, and ordersâ€Å", but it includes much more than that, a duty is a legal or moral obligation. Each soldier has a obligation to his/her team, to his or her section, and to the rest of his or her unit to keep constant accountability of their individually issued items. If these obligations were to be thwarted in any way, this would cost his or her unit time the length of time used in obtaining new equipment, personnel resources and manpower that could be utilized otherwise in accomplishing mission critical tasks, and financial resources at any costs incurred to the unit itself. FM 7-21. 13 also states that â€Å"responsibility is the legally established and moral obligation a soldier assumes for his or her own actions, accomplishments and failures. Every soldier is responsible for performing his or her duty to the very best of his or her ability and for trying to improve his or her performance. For example, soldiers are also responsible for their personal conduct and appearance. Also, every soldier is responsible for his or her own physical fitness. And just as personal fitness and appearance is the responsibility of every soldier, so should accountability of personal equipment. Every soldier in the Army assumed this personal responsibility when they took their enlistment oath.

Critical thinking on research methodologies and methods used in the Essay

Critical thinking on research methodologies and methods used in the paper - Essay Example 3). The methodology that is chosen is based on our assumptions, interest and purposes (Taylor and Bogdan 1998). The methodology chosen is dependent on the theoretical perspective which the researcher seeks to follow. Taylor and Bogdan (1998) indicate that there are two major theoretical perspectives which have dominated social science – positivism and phenomenological or interpretive. Positivist seeks to obtain facts or to determine the causes of social phenomena which are outside of the subjective states of individuals. The interpretive approach seeks to understand social phenomena from the actor’s point of view – that is what individuals perceive the reality to be. Methodology represents the main ways in which researchers act on the environment in which they are interested – the methods (experiments, surveys, etc.) they use to gain information lead to ‘different characteristics of their reality; and it is through the methods they utilise that make their research public and reproducible by others. In addition to theoretical principles a methodology provides a framework which forms a guide to the way in which research is carried out. ... 3) advances three methodologies – Qualitative, quantitative and a mixed approach which incorporates elements of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The qualitative and quantitative approaches are differentiated by their basic philosophical assumptions that researchers bring to the study, the strategies they employ in their research – quantitative experiments or qualitative case studies, and the particular methods they employ in carrying out these strategies – collecting quantitative data versus collecting qualitative data by observing a situation or through participation. Denzin and Lincoln (2005, p. 3) qualitative research is a ‘situated activity that locates the observer in the world.’ It is a set of interpretive practices that makes the world visible to the researcher. Researchers make use of conversations, field notes, interviews, photographs, recordings, and memos which act as reminders. Qualitative research then becomes ‘an i nterpretive, naturalistic approach to the world.’ This implies that qualitative researchers’ take advantage of natural setting in their attempts to interpret phenomena in terms of the meanings constructed by the people involved in the situation that is being studied. Methods for collecting data such as interviews are capable of being used under different methodological presuppositions. This is also true for sampling methods. What's the relation between this to the journal content? In their paper, Owens et al (2005) uses the word method to indicate the methodology that they used in their research. In that they indicate the method they used to choose the participants for the study, the procedures they followed to collect data and how the data was analysed. In the section relating to the analysis of data the

Networking 208 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Networking 208 - Case Study Example This would require a server room which shall control all the network connections. Once the server rooms are setup, LAN within the floors must be setup. Network troubleshooting is one another important aspect of network setup. In case of any issues such as heavy network traffic, the first thing to be done would be to increase the bandwidth or shutdown the network. As a part of the network Performance monitoring, the first task would be make sure that all the network resources are utilized only until its maximum threshold. It is of most importance that all the counters are not over utilized. Counters such as CPU utilization, memory availability, Disk utilization and network availability are the most important counters to be monitored. These form the basic core components for any network. Monitoring these components are the most important. Along with these, the network traffic, the performance of the routers, switches, adapters and the cables are to be monitored to keep the network perf ormance in

Divorce amoung educated vs uneducated Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Divorce amoung educated vs uneducated - Essay Example These factors include; infidelity, poor communication, sexual or physical abuse, incompatibility among others. Divorce is a legal process of dissolving marriages through a court of law. Does the level of education act as a recipe for divorce? Who among the educated and uneducated are likely to divorce? This paper is a critique of divorce among the educated and the uneducated. Education is among the key factors that contribute to divorce. As the level of education rises, the rate of divorce declines and vice versa. There are various explanations for such a trend. Traditionally, marriage institution was very much respected as it was a means of acquiring a social status in society. Nowadays, marriage is losing its cultural meaning due to advancement in education and economic problems. People have intimacy before marriage and even bear children out of wedlock thus making marriage to lose meaning (Wilcox). According to General social survey in America, there has cropped up a new marriage model whereby people get married to enjoy life and wealth. The less educated are poor and do not have wealth to share with their spouses hence they turn to divorce. On the other hand, the educated are wealthy and can satisfy their spouses and give them happiness hence reducing divorce. The general social survey conducted a research in the year 2000 and found out that 49% of t he educated proposed tightening marriage laws while 48 % of the uneducated supported the law (Wilcox). Decline in divorce levels can be attributed to the level of education. The educated couples have information about the dangers of early marriages hence take time to marry. They also take long studying therefore they have no time for marriage. The less educated on the other hand, lack sex education and hence get involved in early marriages without knowledge of what marriage encompasses. They also do not go to school thus they get married earlier than their educated counterparts hence raising the chances of

Qualities of a great leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Qualities of a great leader - Essay Example The enthusiastic personality has proven to be a very effective motivator. They are optimistic and endeavor to boost the moral of others by giving them recognition. Leaders â€Å"who are skilled in understanding interpersonal relations and psychological needs will inspire their whole team by motivating each person through supportive insight, respect, and recognition† (Hart, 1997, p. 48). However, this personality type is over-emotional, has a tough time concentrating on a task and lacks proficient time management ability. They are not assertive, tend to not be judgmental and craves acceptance. The dominant personality craves authority over others and is concerned with obtaining instantaneous results. They pride themselves on making quick decisions and readily accept challenges. This personality is not comfortable being under someone else’s control and prefers to be in charge of multiple activities. They usually have innovative ideas, can problem solve on their own and are sure in their decisions. Unfortunately, these decisions can be hurried and not fully thought out. If those of this personality type are able to modify their shortcomings by exercising greater caution, considering other people’s feelings and becoming more detailed oriented, they are normally some of the most effective leaders (Squier, 2007). A conscientiousness personality performs their duties meticulously while focusing on accuracy and quality. This person is detail oriented and methodically weighs the merits of every situation and is diplomatic when interacting with others. Unlike the domineering but similar to the steady personality, this type performs better when the implementation requirements expectations are plainly spelled out. These people exude a business-like, reserved personality and are likely to question authority figures because they must

Management Support Systems Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Management Support Systems Development - Essay Example Do information systems matter on a business enterprise What are the benefits of developing a management support system (MSS) in the organization How would the system increase the competitive advantage of the organization in today's extremely competitive marketplace and highly connected world These may be some of the questions that managers face today. The Internet Age has created new opportunities as well as challenges for businesses especially in the area of business intelligence and knowledge management. Organizational knowledge management has become a more significant foundation of corporate competitive advantage for business (Buchanan et al, 1999). Knowledge management has become a management fad today ever since knowledge became a competitive advantage. It has become a significant capital, both for organizations and employees. Business knowledge is a re-usable, renewable as well as imperative asset of significance to business that augments in worth by means of knowledge worker and administrative life. Knowledge well-established in the organizational dealing procedures and the knowledge worker's abilities are advantages usually firm to distinguish, build up and duplicate through market competitors (Dennis et al., 2005). Developments of management support systems have become essential in an organization in order to grow or sustain its existence. Management Support Systems enlarges the orga... Management Support Systems enlarges the organizational data and information recovery capacities of the system end-users by means of investigation actions and query for searching of information in the organizational database, turning out 'what if' situations, and other similar functions (Dennis et al., 2005). The purpose of MSS is to manage the information that is available to everyone and control the flow so that the content can be analyzed and results examined for the improvement of the organization. MSS are frequently designed to handle multifarious conditions, and few are available right off the shelf. Although online analytical processing (OLAP) software has assisted decision support development, many MSS make use of some custom design, development, and implementation for each specific application (Dennis et al., 2005). MSS are designed to be used on a recurring basis by many employees, several of them were not computer literate. The system continues to grow because its accomplishment has led managers and the team members to make out new traditions to apply the ideas developed with this system to other decision-making situations (Buchanan et al, 1999). Development of an MSS, particularly a large one, is a complicated practice especially when it is built in-house. It requires a specialized team that focuses on the interpretation of the business processes of the organization and transforming such processes into an IT enabled support system framework. It encompasses problems varying from technical (e.g., hardware variety, networking) to behavioral (e.g., user interfaces, training, the potential impact on individuals, groups, and the entire organization) (Dennis et al., 2005). There exists no single and best one-way approach in developing an MSS

World history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

World history - Essay Example This two commodities were the most highly commodities. A community’s strength was measured by its ability to produce high quality commodities in the market. Communities which could produce gold, silver or diamond controlled much of the trading markets. This strengthened kingdoms as the disadvantaged communities played second fiddle to these factors. According to Bernier the division of labor was the also significant to human development and creation of leadership figures (316). In his notes Bernier also claims superiority in trade defined the way a dynasty will lead other factors towards a certain direction (316). These leadership traits created what are the common day trade controlling nations. This factor was significant in human development in how trade boundaries and rules were created. Apart from this influence on human development, trade had other ways in which it influenced human development in the 1750. One significant factor on trade was the trade of people. This particular was viewed as an inhumane act that involved strong dynasties and obsolete communities mostly in Africa and South America. However, this trade was significant in the creation of the great civilization that the globe experienced. In an argument by Bernier human trade is responsible for revolution that brought change in human development (316). The author highlights the American Revolution that was greatly initiated by the trade of people from Africa to America. If the trade was not carried out the revolution would have not taken place (Origins of civilisation, 94). Trade had also negative effects in the 1750. There was rampant spread of diseases and constant war fares that were mostly brought by trade disagreements. This was a great hindrance to human development. In words by Bernier diseases and war fares in 1750s was the great enemy to what civilization wanted to achieve (316). In trade in

ANTH 25 Assignment 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ANTH 25 Assignment 7 - Essay Example Hence, employees at this level can work with the management team without much difficulty. I like my job because I always enjoyed playing with numbers while I was young. Banking too has been my core career interest and it fits into my educational goals. The main challenge is the time factor because the financial industry requires an employee to work for many hours due to the workload and limited time resource. This affects off-work commitments and relationships. I overcame this by re-arranging my schedules. The time factor also prevents employees wishing to any form of part-time study program. Today, graduates get an average of $53,000, but my starting salary was at $49,900. The employment of other employees in this position is an improvement from the earlier $49,700 in 2012. It has been higher in previous years notably 2011, where the figure stood at $50,500. This is according to Andrea Koncz, the employment information manager at National Association of Colleges and Employees NACE in their salary survey reports. I would describe it as both affiliate and goal oriented. Through this method, the management encourages the workforce to develop a sense of teamwork and drive towards set a target. Firms avoid the use of authoritative management, as it is destructive to the morale of the employees, which hurts organizational productivity. Thus, the management should strive to device strategies that work for the company and its skilled workforce. I get up at around 6:30. Am and head out to the gym, after an hour’s workout I clean up and go to the office. Ten minutes to eight, I check into the office, login to my work email, and check emails I need to attend to.9. Am my workday commences but if it is a Monday morning, we all gather for our weekly meeting with the management team. I go for lunch at 2.pm after handling client accounts for five hours non-stop, its tiring so the lunch break helps.

HR assignment for BP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

HR assignment for BP - Essay Example They are a very core part of the human resource management of any big company. Still under line managers, there are front-line managers who act as teams leaders and supervisors and report to the line mangers they work under. Having line managers makes the overall management function of a company simple and well coordinated (Gomez-Mejia and Robert, 2008). IT training has become an indispensable part of managing a big business with ease. It involves imparting computing skills to employees who run the virtual functions of a business. Today’s big businesses have immensely reduced paper-works and resorted to having very secure databases, and networked computer system which make global outreach not much of a hustle. In this front, BP conducts IT training on regular basis to ensure that the IT systems run effectively and are secure from hacking and other cyber-threats (Han et al, 2006). No business competes favorably today without integrating IT in their core operations. Training must be carried out from time to time in order to conform to the dynamicity of the computer world. At the end of such training, assessments need to be conducted to check if it was done in a manner that meets the prescribed standards (Proctor, 2011). Line managers and IT training are thus two different sections of a business, but that doesn’t rule out the fact they work harmoniously in order to achieve the goals of a company. They both are very important and must be run efficiently and

Social Trends Essay Example for Free

Social Trends Essay This great movement was great in the way it was perceived to prepare people for death through making strong their faith. This was indeed a great deal in America during the colonial period. The likelihood of death was very prevalent all over in the colonial era (Butler, pp. 305-25). Deaths from floods, malnutrition, disease and other complications coming from childbirth were a common occurrence. Death was in the minds of all while making an effort to remain alive. The message from the church was that people would be part of devil’s accomplice because of their sins if they did not receive forgiveness from God. As a result of faith, quite a number of colonialists were of the opinion that they required their church on matters of clothing, food as well as shelter. Through strengthening the citizen’s faith, the church got hold of a very imperative role in the British Colony in the Northern part of America. Among these most famous men of this time were people like George Whitefield who was quite outspoken as well as adored and at the same time feared owing to his messages. It is said that George preached to 19,000 people in Boston in a period of three days. As though that was not enough, he left a group of 25,000 individuals being disturbed by the fear of everlasting damnation. The inspiration that came to people was to move out and establish churches in their own cities; construct houses for the disadvantaged and also employ ministers to assist them in sustaining their new and wholesome life of Christianity (Butler, pp. 305-25). Economic Trends As a result of the great awakening, many individuals resigned in their jobs and embarked on a journey of a travelling minister. There was now a great and spontaneous entry of ministers to the colonial America. These preachers were not ordained. They included uneducated farmers who regarded themselves as the poor of Christ. The core mission was to stress equality in humanity as well as emphasising that heaven was a home for the poor and not the rich. They emerged as wandering preachers who extended the Great Awakening amidst the poor and the rich, the illiterate and the educated, and also in the black-nation together with seaboard cities and towns. Conclusion Even though the Great Awakening based on religious foundations came to a brick wall by years after 1740, the effects therein were far reaching. In New England together with the South, changes started to weaken the authority of the culture of the upper class. This was a change that was anticipated for in the colonial America. Condemnation to the poor was evident because of their dirty lifestyle which differed with the very articulate lifestyle of the upper class. The Great Awakening in the end led to change of opinions and values that influenced politics together with daily life. There was a self-worth in the common man. Individuals assumed other responsibilities in dealings of religion. They on the other hand became sceptical of the already existing authority and belief systems. These particular values have been the core values of the society of America from the time of the Great Awakening and are perceived to last for years in the future (Butler, pp. 305-25). Work Cited Butler, Jon. Enthusiasm Described and Decried: The Great Awakening as Interpretative Fiction. Journal of American History 69 (1982): 305-25

Analysis Of The Korean War History Essay

Analysis Of The Korean War History Essay The KoreanWar was a military action between north and South Korea for the unifying of the Korean peninsula; both countries have had different ideological agenda under western and eastern ideological power. The republic of Korea (South Korea) was supported by the united nation, NATO, and the USA on the other hand, the democratic people republic of Korea (North Korea) was supported by china and the Soviet Union. The Korean War was a war of west versus the east different philosophy and consideration, but fought far from the major superpower mainland. A war considered as an embarrassment for the international community, many lives were harvested and it did started and ended with accomplishing nothing from the unifying. The Korean peninsula was occupied by the Japaneses for almost 35 years under an iron fest till the defeat of the Japanese in the World War II in 1945. Korean conflict, With Japan on the tremble to surrender, it was necessary for the superpowers to agree upon a future Asian policy that can both assure security for superpower nations and spread principles and influence over strategic zones in the pacific. After the Hiroshima atomic bomb Japan was completely under the US influence which made the soviet deliberate the advantage of occupying Korea, which in adjacent to the communist alley china.At the Potsdam conference, the USA, made plans to invade the Japanese mainland and they have been more than happy to leave Manchuria and Korea to the Soviet Union. But now with war actually coming to sudden end , US urgently reassessed its future interest in Asia and came rapidly to a decision that America must share with the USSR the occupation of Korea (Jeremy Isaacs Taylor Downing, 2008), therefore both soviet union and the USA agreed to secure the Korean peninsula by dividing it to north and south using the 38th parallel, and that the USSR shall occupy the n orth next to it ally china and the US the south, Korea polarized as the two power blocs north and south (Jeremy Isaacs Taylor Downing, 2008). Each countries started to execute the viewpoint systems of their dominate as a consequence in the south foremost nationalist and members of the anti Japanese resistance had formed a provisional government but at least half of them were communist therefore US and the UN called for a free election in which USSR and the communist party disapproved it and boycotted , US government preferred to support a conservative group that was made up of professionals and those educated in America or by American missionaries (Jeremy Isaacs Taylor Downing, 2008). The American had their nominee, Rhee, whom considered a significant assets since he was educated in America and was not tented by the relationship with the Japanese but he was tenaciously against the communist. On the other hand the USSR had, Kim, who opposed the Japanese and participated with the red Armey in the WWII, he was known for viciously putting down all opposition to communist rule. As a result Rhee and his party won the election pole against the communist in the south which escalated the tension between the two Koreas at that time the 38th parallel became an official political border between the south and the north, the communist and the capitalist. As tense increased both sides of the Korean peninsula made major infiltration across the border, in the south communist activist were arrested and imprisoned furthermore in the north anti-communist where put down. Accordingly USSR and US tactically withdrawals from their military zones at the front line leaving only advisors. In China, Mao Ze Dong, have successes in winning the civil war and forming a communist Chinese republic. Maos reviled that the west and America are chines biggest nightmare mentioning the years of humiliation china faced under the last dyne sty of Chinese empire and the colonelcies era of china. The Chinese soviet friendship relation lunched then a new chapter in the cold war I Asia leaving US provoking danger through this relation specially after the soviet successes into breaking the atomic monopoly of the USA, as quoted by Charles Murphy , president Truman special counsel in his respond to the scenarios that might goes, what I read scared me so much that the next day I did not go to the office at all , I sat at home and read this memo over and over wondering what in the world to do about it (Jeremy Isaacs Taylor Downing, 2008). The war, The purpose of unifying Korea was the essential passionate for both Korean leaders; however Kim was more greatly obsessive about it because of the corrupted Rhee government and non-match able military experience. Kremlin was always anxious for the US response also Stalin sought after to respect the mutual treaty with the US, however the crises in Berlin plus to the communist victory in china along with the equivalence atomic power of the US-Soviet stimulated a new calculation that the US response will be carefully measured, Mao Ze Dong, responded to this permission that US would not start a third war over such a small territory (Jeremy Isaacs Taylor Downing, 2008) . June, 25, 1950 an astonishing attack from the North Korean military into the South Korean border, the unmatchable soviet tank and military equipments forced the South Korean forces to withdraw fast for not being able to meet the confront. Immediately the US and the UN requested the international community to condemn the attack and appealed for sending troops into South Korea a demand which challenged by protest from the soviet and Chinese behave. The absence of the soviet from the UN meeting allowed the call to pass. Kim, Mao, and Stalin were surprised from the response of the USA to fight over a small area. However the American did not see it this way, they distinguish a threat for their national security and international order also they predict a prevail of the communist ideology which they had to stop, President Truman quoted we are fighting for our national security and our survival (Jeremy Isaacs Taylor Downing, 2008). June, 28, 1950 after three days from the beginning of the invasion North Korean army entered Seoul, the US army first battalion under the command of general MacArthur landed in Osan tackling the Korean army whom equipped with soviet tools, the first American in the cold war to confront a communist directly were small members unit deployed in the hills near the Korean town Osan (Jeremy Isaacs Taylor Downing, 2008), they admit defeat which was a disaster news to Washington whom ordered general Mac Arthur to send larger troops and start an air strike and navy bombardments. In the first military confrontation of the cold war, solders of the most powerful nation on earth had been humiliated by the soviet equipped troops from a tiny country (Jeremy Isaacs Taylor Downing, 2008), the only success for the UN-US forces were by air strike however kim troops contunied to push the allied forces to the southern corner around a city of Pusan. September, 1950 massive bombardement by the US navy ehich lead north Korean army to trumple, the situation turned in fevaor of the UN-US.rhee and general MacArthur decided to librate the capital seoul first after that they can marsh towards the 38th paraelle . in few weeks both Rhee and the general aimed to re-unite korea quating we have not got this far to stop where the fight began (Jeremy Isaacs Taylor Downing, 2008). October, 1950 US troops crossed the 38th paraelle and advanced into communist territory, pyonyang falls the only communist capital ever to fall to the west in cold war (Jeremy Isaacs Taylor Downing, 2008),as a result china determine to help north korea. November, 1950 chinese lunched full scal asult against US-UN troops, USA wanted to avoid full confortation with china and they also did not want to inviate stailn to the war.therefore they withdrawls to the 38th paraelle line. War tragedy For the two superpowers shows of power ability and military thousands of US and chines solders were sacrificed , both north and south korea lost up to a million in death soldiers and civilians. Koreans economy were disastress and te result is what.

The first sin and its punishment

The first sin and its punishment The First Sin and Its Punishment Now the serpent was more crafty than any other wild animal that the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, Did God say, You shall not eat from any tree in the garden? 2 The woman said to the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden; 3but God said, You shall not eat of the fruit of the tree that is in the middle of the garden, nor shall you touch it, or you shall die. 4 But the serpent said to the woman, You will not die; 5 for God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil. 6 So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate; and she also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate. 7 Then the eyes of both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together and made loincloths for themselves. [1] The book of Genesis is one part in an anthology of materials that have been put together over a considerable period of time. Pertaining to be part of a diverse oral tradition, it does not, according to Burnette-Bletsch, have any singular authorship.[2] The book of Genesis is known as the primeval history, as it is believed to be expressive of a time before, there were any recorded histories. As a result, these histories were often recorded at much later stages[3] However, there are some parallels with Ancient near Eastern literature which contradict this statement. As a result, this debate will, in all probability remain sterile. Regardless of the debate, Genesis is deemed to be an historical book. However, not in the modern sense, it is history with a purpose. It is a collection of instructional, educational, and religious material. The very fact that this tradition had been passed down through the generations, may even have led to omissions of material, however, this should not be viewed by the modern academic as a setback.[4] One must also take into account the fact that many people will not all share the same viewpoint. In this respect Biblical narratives are often a complex mix of sources, genres and interpretation, both in their written and oral formats.[5] Known as mosaic authorship the traditional Jewish and Christian belief denotes that the first five books of the Old Testament were Gods inspirational words which were written down by Moses. P J Wiseman somewhat supports this theory, however, he cites Moses as the redactor rather than its author. He also states that there are several clues within Genesis which reveal how it was written. He refers to the toledots or genealogies in Genesis and draws attention to the colophons, believing them to be a specific symbol of authorship. Thus, concluding that the people that are actually named, (Adam, Noah, Shem et al), were the ones who wrote on the clay tablets in cuneiform, therefore, making them the true authors. Moses, subsequently, as a result of his Egyptian influences, just brought together and edited this work from the tablets.[6] However, more liberal theologians generally accept the Wellhausen theory, or documentary hypothesis which asserts that Genesis and the remaining Pentateuch was written by a group of authors, from diverse locations throughout Palestine, over a substantial period of time. The theory is that these books were redacted or compiled from the texts of pre-existing documents. Within this theory there is also the belief that each author wrote with their own particular style. This effectively meant that the mosaic element contained many layers of material which overlapped in some places. These writers are also believed to have had both their own styles and narratives. For example the J writer, wrote with affection for the Hebrew name for God (YAHWH). The E writer alternatively favoured the divine name Elohim. Whilst the D and P documents were names for the Deuteronomic and Priestly writers.[7] The J, E and P authors are believed to overlap in the book of Genesis, which consequently gives both c omplementary and contrasting elements to the understanding of some of Genesiss abstract concepts. However, it is with critical consensus that the J writer is believed to have edited Genesis 3:1-7.[8] In contrast Wenham cites Rendtorff, in that he has challenged the mosaic theory by stating the heterogeneous nature of material in Genesis cannot be ascribed to J.[9] Indeed, who and to what writer, wrote which parts, still remains a contentious issue within theological debates today Some scholars, such as Freidman and Bloom, have also gone so far as to suggest and imply that the J writer was also a female. Bloom especially exploits the fact that she may have been someone who had access to royalty, perhaps the daughter of Solomon, Rehoboams sister. This would fit with the general consensus that J had royal connections and wrote during the tenth century BCE. However, Bloom argues that Rehoboam (922-915) was the king at that time, not David (1000-961), or Solomon. (961-922).[10] The importance of this is that the kingdom under Rehoboam was experiencing internal unrest and rebellion. This was a stark contrast to the kingdom under the reign of David and Solomon.[11] Similarly another interesting point is made by Alicia Ostriker on Blooms feminist perspective. She compares the male characters in The Iliad, The Odyssey, and the Gilgamesh with the stories of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, and Moses. In comparison she asserts that the biblical ancestors were family men who initiated negotiation and deflected potentially dangerous situations. Whereas, the characters in the above texts were warriors and fighters, this alone may make a case for the survival of a female perspective within the overwhelmingly male dominated traits contained within the Hebrew bible.[12] The book of Genesis covers the largest time period than any of the other books. It covers the periods from creation, up to the time when the Israelites arrived in Egypt and grew into a nation. The literary structure of Genesis is built around eleven separate units. Beginning with the creation and the origins of the universe, through to the early history of the Israelites.[13] This proprietary text also gives and puts the biblical patriarchs into a creation framework. Originally written in Hebrew the title bereshit translates to in the beginning and is a translation of the Hebrew word toledot. [14] As a result Genesis is a history of origins, births, genealogies, and generations. The primary intent of Genesis one to eleven is focused around the parables. These cover the two creation stories, the Fall, Cain and Abel, The Flood and the Tower of Babel.[15] These myths centre upon deep philosophical meaning as opposed to fable or mere legend. They are also far removed from scientific theory. Indeed, the parables of Genesis with its poetic imagery and symbolism must be read, according to Richardson, as poetry and not as prose. In this context, Adam, Eve and the serpent should be viewed as poetical, religious figures, and not as real individuals.[16] Genesis 3: 1-7 has been the subject of many theories and interpretations between scholars alike. It is taken by many as an explanation of original sin. However, the word sin never occurs. Disobedience and its consequences, however, do occur. Phyllis Trible sees Genesis chapter two and three as A love story gone awry. She identifies that the plot is simple and uncomplicated. However, she also believes it to be full of uncertainty and plurality. She identifies that some may interpret Adam as superior to Eve and be both dependant and worthy, of the description troublemaker. However, Trible also notes that Adam remained silent in this text, a sign of his passive weakness perhaps.[17] Schungel-Strauman believes that no gender can claim dominance over the other, as the author of Genesis clearly provided a male and a female, evident in Genesis 1:.26-28.[18] Richardson expresses the view that the serpent within the text is a personification of temptation and should not be thought of as external to that of human nature. However, the J writer does not attempt to answer the philosophical question of where and how evil came into the world, he just tries to portray humanity. For example, the serpent may appeal to ones vanity and may suggest that Gods goodness can be emulated.[19] The serpent appears to be impersonal towards God as he refers to him as God and not Lord God. This bold rhetoric may be a direct challenge on his divinity.[20]As a result this challenge introduces a sense of unease into the text and is possibly a preamble of manipulation and trickery, is thus, imposed upon the reader. However, in contrast the serpent asked Eve an inquisitive, innocent question. Did God say, You shall not eat from any tree in the garden? This could imply that it was God himself speaking.[21] There is also the question of how did the serpent know firstly that God had spoken and secondly, what God had instructed. This could again imply that that the serpent was indeed manipulative and had an ultimate objective. A common interpretation is that the serpent is identifiable as either Satan or the devil. However, the serpent in ancient times was a symbolic figure, prominent and adored around ancient Egypt, Babylon, and Palestine. There was also an opinion that the serpent was intrinsically wise. Indeed, they often guarded the doorways of Egyptian Tombs, which symbolically, represented the mansions of heaven. They were also kept in temples and in the tombs of Kings.[22] To some, the serpent was also seen as a religious emblem, phallic in nature, it was connected to life, especially everlasting, or continuing. This would fit with the theme of both lineage and fertility of beginnings, evident within the book of Genesis. Next the focus appears to be on Eve the woman. Eve begins a dialogue with the serpent and explains both the instruction and consequence of disobeying Gods word. Eve uses the word God just as the serpent had, which possibly could indicate that she felt it was a somewhat harsh command.[23] The fact that the fruit could not be touched or eaten denotes that the action of disobedience would result in death. This could be taken literally, given the fact that both Adam and Eve had not previously touched these items. However, when the serpent answers you will not die and God knows what will happen, implies that God knew that they were going to both disobey and become enlightened in some way. Death therefore, may not have meant physical death but an ending of another sort. Your eyes will be opened, could be where crafty, the description of the serpent fits, or it could be where a bilateral view of good and evil in the world becomes evident to man. In so much as God had decreed a death sentenc e and the serpent had predicted increased knowledge.[24] However, Eve choose to ignore Gods instruction and take those of a crafty serpent, lured by his promise of liberation, freedom and knowledge, rather than the consequences of death. Yet in her ignorance, disobedience and doubt become parallel processes in so much as, when we obey God we fail to assert ourselves. This failure can then cause doubt and consequently, disobedience. Thus, when the serpent suggests that God did not forbid the eating of the fruit, it may have signified Gods divinity or his concern for humanity. Comparatively, human assertion may have highlighted the need for them to be the central figures, and not God. As a result, this rebellion may have signified human pride, which in turn led to sin, and equated to them wanting a parallel and equality with God.[25] Eve again is the central figure in Genesis 3: 6 and rather than be under the guidance of God, she possibly tries to assert her independence. One interpretation comes from Clare Amos, who believes that this verse is a metaphor for the maturity of both society and human beings. She suggests that Paul in (Rom7.7-12) also supports this theory. She further highlights the idea by explaining that the use of the adjectives, pleasing and desirable draw upon the idea of sexual maturity .Indeed, under the guidance of the serpent, a phallic symbol, the bodys senses became more obvious. When the eyes of both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together and made loincloths for themselves. Amos, attributes this as a representation of them leaving an immature state of mind and thus, conforming to the constraints of society.[26] As in non biblical primeval narratives, clothing was a mark of civilisation.[27] In conclusion, Genesis 3 is the prologue to mans salvation, resulting from man disobedience towards God, However, it should not be read literally, but in context to ones own understanding. It serves as a theoretical text for the universal question of disobedience. However, it culminates in God not destroying man, but preserving his life. This redemption consequently sets him on a path towards salvation.[28] The book of Genesis is that path as it portrays a concept of human conduct, which both illustrates and illuminates our choices. It offers both subtle guidance and regulations and deals effectively and metaphorically with the possible consequences of noncompliance. Regulation is the backbone of any society, it cannot exist effectively without some controls. As a result the book of Genesis served as an interactive narrative that highlighted these issues and that in turn united the ancient societies. [1] Coogan, Michael, D, (ed), The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha 3rd Edition NRSV, (Oxford, 2007).pp.14-15 [2] Burnette- Bletsch, Rhonda, Studying The Old Testament, (Abingdon Press, U.S, 2007).p.8 [3] Ibid, p.125 [4] Vawter, Bruce, A Path Through Genesis, (London, 1957).p.21 [5] Edward L. Greenstein, The Formation of the Biblical Narrative Corpus AJS Review, Vol. 15, No. 2 (Autumn, 1990), p.162 [6] http://www.british-israel.ca/Genesis.htm [7] Vawter, Bruce, A Path Through Genesis, (London, 1957).p.23 [8] Speiser,E,A, The Anchor Bible Series, Genesis, (New York, 1964). p. XXVII [9] Wenham, Gordon, J, World Biblical Commentary, Genesis 1-15, (Nelson word Pub Group, 1987). p.xxix [10] Phyllis Trible The Bible in Bloom The Iowa Review, Vol. 21, No. 3 (Fall, 1991), pp.21-22 [11]Hill, A, Walton J, H, A Survey Of The Old Testament 2nd Ed, (Grand Rapids Zondervan, 2000). p.157 [12] Alicia Ostriker, The Book of J The Iowa Review, Vol. 21, No. 3 (Fall, 1991), p.16 [13] Speiser, The Anchor Bible Series, Genesis, p. LV [14] Burnette- Bletsch, Studying The Old Testament, p.25 [15] Richardson, Genesis 1-11, p.27 [16] Ibid, p.30 [17] Trible, Phyllis, God And The Rhetoric Of Sexuality, (Philadelphia, Fortress Press, 1978). p 72 [18] Brenner, Athalya, (ed), A Feminist Companion To Genesis, (Sheffield, Sheffield Academic Press, 1993).p.75 [19] Richardson, Alan, Genesis 1-11, (Torch Bible series, London, 1953).p.71 [20] Burnette- Bletsch, Studying The Old Testament, p.30 [21] Wenham, World Biblical Commentary, Genesis 1-15, p.88 [22] W. G. Moorehead, Universality of Serpent-Worship, The Old Testament Student, Vol. 4, No. 5 (Jan., 1885), p.207 [23] Wenham, World Biblical Commentary, Genesis 1-15, p.88 [24] Burnette- Bletsch, Studying The Old Testament, p.30 [25] Richardson, Genesis 1-11, p72 [26] Amos, Clare, The Book Of Genesis, (Peterborough, Epworth Press, 2004).p.23 [27] Coogan, Michael, D, The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, p15 [28] Richardson, Alan, Genesis 1-11, p.79

Essay --

  Barbie is a fashion doll manufactured by the American toy-company Mattel, Inc. and launched in March 1959. American businesswoman Ruth Handler is credited with the creation of the doll using a German doll called Bild Lilli as her inspiration. Barbie is the figurehead of a brand of Mattel dolls and accessories, including other family members and collectible dolls. Barbie has been an important part of the toy fashion doll market for over fifty years, and has been the subject of numerous controversies and lawsuits, often involving parody of the doll and her lifestyle. History Ruth Handler watched her daughter Barbara play with paper dolls, and noticed that she often enjoyed giving them adult roles. At the time, most children's toy dolls were representations of infants. Realizing that there could be a gap in the market, Handler suggested the idea of an adult-bodied doll to her husband Elliot, a co-founder of the Mattel toy company. He was unenthusiastic about the idea, as were Mattel's directors. During a trip to Europe in 1956 with her children Barbara and Kenneth, Ruth Handler came across a German toy doll called Bild Lilli. The adult-figured doll was exactly what Handler had in mind, so she purchased three of them. She gave one to her daughter and took the others back to Mattel. The Lilli doll was based on a popular character appearing in a comic strip drawn by Reinhard Beuthin for the newspaper Die Bild-Zeitung. Lilli was a blonde bombshell, a working girl who knew what she wanted and was not above using men to get it. The Lilli doll was first sold in Germany in 1955, and although it was initially sold to adults, it became popular with children who enjoyed dressing her up in outfits that were available separately. Upon her retu... ...and share "America's favorite cookie." As had become the custom, Mattel manufactured both a white and a black version. Critics argued that in the African American community, Oreo is a derogatory term meaning that the person is "black on the outside and white on the inside," like the chocolate sandwich cookie itself. The doll was unsuccessful and Mattel recalled the unsold stock, making it sought after by collectors. In May 1997, Mattel introduced Share a Smile Becky, a doll in a pink wheelchair. Kjersti Johnson, a 17-year-old high school student in Tacoma, Washington with cerebral palsy, pointed out that the doll would not fit into the elevator of Barbie's $100 Dream House. Mattel announced that it would redesign the house in the future to accommodate the doll. In March 2000 stories appeared in the media claiming that the hard vinyl used in vintage Barbie dolls could Essay --   Barbie is a fashion doll manufactured by the American toy-company Mattel, Inc. and launched in March 1959. American businesswoman Ruth Handler is credited with the creation of the doll using a German doll called Bild Lilli as her inspiration. Barbie is the figurehead of a brand of Mattel dolls and accessories, including other family members and collectible dolls. Barbie has been an important part of the toy fashion doll market for over fifty years, and has been the subject of numerous controversies and lawsuits, often involving parody of the doll and her lifestyle. History Ruth Handler watched her daughter Barbara play with paper dolls, and noticed that she often enjoyed giving them adult roles. At the time, most children's toy dolls were representations of infants. Realizing that there could be a gap in the market, Handler suggested the idea of an adult-bodied doll to her husband Elliot, a co-founder of the Mattel toy company. He was unenthusiastic about the idea, as were Mattel's directors. During a trip to Europe in 1956 with her children Barbara and Kenneth, Ruth Handler came across a German toy doll called Bild Lilli. The adult-figured doll was exactly what Handler had in mind, so she purchased three of them. She gave one to her daughter and took the others back to Mattel. The Lilli doll was based on a popular character appearing in a comic strip drawn by Reinhard Beuthin for the newspaper Die Bild-Zeitung. Lilli was a blonde bombshell, a working girl who knew what she wanted and was not above using men to get it. The Lilli doll was first sold in Germany in 1955, and although it was initially sold to adults, it became popular with children who enjoyed dressing her up in outfits that were available separately. Upon her retu... ...and share "America's favorite cookie." As had become the custom, Mattel manufactured both a white and a black version. Critics argued that in the African American community, Oreo is a derogatory term meaning that the person is "black on the outside and white on the inside," like the chocolate sandwich cookie itself. The doll was unsuccessful and Mattel recalled the unsold stock, making it sought after by collectors. In May 1997, Mattel introduced Share a Smile Becky, a doll in a pink wheelchair. Kjersti Johnson, a 17-year-old high school student in Tacoma, Washington with cerebral palsy, pointed out that the doll would not fit into the elevator of Barbie's $100 Dream House. Mattel announced that it would redesign the house in the future to accommodate the doll. In March 2000 stories appeared in the media claiming that the hard vinyl used in vintage Barbie dolls could

Why a Resistant strand of Group A Streptococcus is Causing Problems in

Why a Resistant strand of Group A Streptococcus is Causing Problems in Children and Becoming Resistant to Antibiotics Abstract: Streptococcus is a bacteria that has been evolving through the recent centuries. A new form of these bacteria from group A streptococcus is becoming resistant and creating a whole new kind of this disease. The new form of this disease is twenty seven percent resistant to the antibiotic and is causing pneumonia meningitis in children. The new cures being created to fight against these bacteria are great except for that the new vaccine has no effect on children. Researches have finally found a vaccine that is effective on children because of a protein that is attached to the vaccine. Within a period of three years a study was done that followed eight hospitals in the United States. Within these eight hospitals researchers followed cases of children who received the resistant strand of S pyogenes. From the S pyogenes the children received the disease pneumonia meningitis. As they followed these children the researchers monitored the antibiotics given to them. For millions of years bacteria have been ruling the earth and are becoming more dominant with each day. Bacteria are some of the strongest species to have inhabited the earth; they survived and lived long after the dinosaurs. Even after all species including humans are gone, these species will be present. In the late 19th century streptococcus was discovered, but with no cure for it. Scientist has developed vaccines and antibiotics, but within the past centuries a new strand of streptococcus has emerged. This new strand is S. pyogenes. S. pyogenes have become resistant to these treatments that have been discovered, the problem that occurs is the... ...ibiotics and so if people start to misuse these antibiotics this strand will continue to become more resistant. If this strain of streptococcus continues to become resistant there will be nothing left that can stop this bacteria. Within a few centuries these bacteria will become uncontrollable and a deadly bacteria. Streptococcus Group A 5 References Cedars- Sinai Medical Center (1999, January). Sightings Bacteria Becoming Increasingly Resistant to Antibiotics. July 18, 2005: www.sciencedaily.com Sharma Sat MD. (2004, November).Streptococcus Group A Infections. July 16, 2005. American Academy of Otolaryngology(AAO). Sore Throats. July 25, 2005. www.entnet.org/healthinfo/throat/sore_throat.cfm Carauana Louis B., Ph.D. (2003, July). Group A Streptococcus-Streptococcus pyogenes Flesh Eating Streptococcus. July 28, 2005. Members.tripod.com/LouCaru/index- 7.html.

The Pass Fail System of Standardized Tests Essay examples -- Standardiz

The Pass Fail System of Standardized Tests Standardized tests have historically been used as measures of how students compare with each other or how much of a particular curriculum they have learned. Increasingly, standardized tests are being used to make major decisions about students, such as grade promotion or high school graduation, and schools. More and more often, they also are intended to shape the curriculum and instruction. Students across America have had to repeat classes because of the way standardized tests are used to pass or fail students. Students have had to rely on just one test to pass them for the whole semester (FairTest). Although the tests require students to retain information until the end of the semester, I believe it is wrong to allow just a single test to decide whether an entire semester’s work will be rewarded will the credit that may have been well earned. Even general standardized tests such as the SAT, which almost every high school student has taken, are not fair to students who may come from a poor educational background (Standardized Minds). Students are at a disadvantage if they have test taking anxiety, a condition that many students suffer from. If a student is having a bad day or going through a rough time on a test day, this may also determine their entire semester’s work. Standardized tests are often based on one topic, giving the student little room to express their strong points. Tests are called "high-stakes" when they used to make major decisions about a student, such as high school graduation or grade promotion. Tests are called "standardized" when all students answer the same questions under similar conditions and their responses are scored in the same way. Research has shown that high-stakes testing causes damage to individual students and education. It is not a reasonable method for improving schools. Test-taking anxiety is common among high school and college students. The anxiety can be quite stressful and sometimes weakening, both personally and academically. It is a condition that thousands of students suffer from and it is something that they cannot help or overcome by the time of a test. Students who suffer from this often get very panicked by exams, and most of the time they draw a blank during a test, even though they know the material... ...n a test score. High-stakes testing punishes students, and often teachers, for things they cannot control. It drives students and teachers away from learning, and at times from school (FairTest). Assessments of educational strengths and weaknesses can be useful at the individual, classroom, school or district levels. However, information the needs to be sufficiently timely, accurate, meaningful, detailed and comprehensive for the kind of diagnosis being made. Even outstanding students with high grade point averages are highly capable of failing a final exam due to anxieties and other conditions that almost every student experiences. Although standardized tests will still be given to students everywhere, the pass fail system must stop. There are alternatives that may be taken to give every student a fair chance while still keeping the effectiveness of the tests. One possibility could be to make the final exam a large part of the student’s grade but not a determinant of whether the student passes or fails. A student who understands and learned the material over the entire semester should not have to repeat a course just because of one bad test result.

Environmental Issues Of Ganga River Environmental Sciences Essay

Quickly increasing population, lifting criterions of life and exponential growing of industrialisation and urbanisation have exposed the H2O resources, in general, and rivers, in peculiar, to assorted signifiers of debasement. Many Indian rivers, including the Ganga in several stretches, peculiarly during thin flows, have become unfit even for bathing. Recognizing that the rivers of the state were in a serious province of debasement, a beginning towards their Restoration was made with the launching of the Ganga Action Plan ( GAP ) in 1985. It was envisaged as a comprehensive programme of river preservation with the aim of bettering the H2O quality. It was visualized that in due class, the programme would be enlarged to cover other major rivers of the state. In order to fix such a major programme, an thorough survey of the Ganga Basin arrived by the Central Pollution Control Board ( CPCB ) . The survey covered all facets of rivers in the Ganga basin including H2O quality. The survey pointed out that besides pollution from municipal and industrial wastes, non-point beginnings like run off from rural colonies, pesticides from agricultural Fieldss, unfastened laxation, dumping of carcases significantly contribute to pollution of the river and render the H2O unsuitable for its intended usage. Equally of import is the issue of flow in the River. Dams and bombardments for hive awaying and deviating H2O for irrigation, domestic ingestion and industry, affect the flow, peculiarly during dry months. This has serious deductions for H2O quality and aquatic life in the river. The Ganga Action Plan Phase I ( GAP I ) was started in 1985 to better the H2O quality of river Ganga to acceptable criterions by forestalling the pollution burden making the river.GANGA BASIN:Ganga drains a basin of extraordinary fluctuation in height, clime, land usage and cropping form. Ganga has been a cradle of human civilisation since clip immemorial. It is one of the most sacred rivers in the universe and is profoundly revered by the people of this state. India has 12 river basins, and 14 childs and desert river basins. Ganga river basin is the largest of these. The Ganga basin lies between East longitudes 73A °30 and 89A ° 0 and North latitudes of 22A °30 and 31A °30, covering an country of 1,086,000 sq kilometer, widening over India, Nepal and Bangladesh. It has a catchment country of 8,61,404 sq. kilometer in India, representing 26 % of the state ‘s land mass and back uping approximately 43 % of population ( 448.3 million as per 2001 nose count ) . Ganga has many feeders, both in the Himalayan part before it enters the fields at Haridwar and farther downstream before its meeting with the Bay of Bengal. -May are the thin flow Calendar months. The surface H2O resource Ganga has been assessed as 525 billion three-dimensional Meters ( BCM ) . Significant abstraction of H2O for assorted intents including irrigation, power Coevals and imbibing H2O has impacted the measure of flows in the river.Some General Information about Ganga[ 1 ]:Here are a few basic facts about the Ganga River. This information will assist you understand the Ganges at a glimpse.Entire Length of River Ganges2,510 Kms ( 1,560 stat mis )Average deepness of Ganga River52 Feet ( maximal deepness, 100 pess )Topographic point of Origin of Ganga RiverFoot of Gangotri Glacier, at Gaumukh, at an lift of 3,892 mArea drained by Ganges River ( Ganges Plains )1,000,000 Square KilometersMajor Feeders of GangesYamuna, Son, Kosi, Gandak, Gomati, Ghaghara, Bhagirathi etc†¦Cities on the bank of GangesKanpur, Soron, Allahabad, Varanasi, Patna, Ghazipur, Bhagalpur, Mirzapur, Buxar, Saidpur etc†¦ The full stretch of river Ganga ( chief root ) can be viewed into three sections: A. Upper Ganga a†°? 294 kilometers Gaumukh to Haridwar B. Middle Ganga a†°? 1082 km Haridwar to Varanasi C. Lower Ganga a†°? 1134 kilometer Varanasi to Ganga SagarTopographic points:There are many metropoliss which are situated on the bank of river Ganga. Concentrating on the province of Uttaranchal and the metropoliss like Haridwar and Rishikesh which are prone to pollution due to the pilgrim's journey. Uttaranchal became the twenty-seventh province of India on November 9, 2000. It borders Tibet in the north-east and Nepal to the south-east, while its adjacent provinces are Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. Uttaranchal is a part of outstanding natural beauty. The high Himalayan scopes and glaciers cover most of the northern parts of the province, while the lower ranges are dumbly forested. The alone Himalayan ecosystem plays host to a big figure of animate beings ( including bharal, snow leopards, leopards and Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams ) , workss and rare herbs. Two of India ‘s mightiest rivers, the Ganga and the Yamuna take birth in the glaciers of Uttaranchal, and are fed by countless lakes, glacial thaws and watercourses in the part. The touristry industry is a major subscriber to the economic system of Uttaranchal, with the Raj epoch hill-stations at Mussorie, Almora, Ranikhet and Nainital being some of the most frequented finishs. To this part besides b elong some of the holiest Hindu shrines, and for about 2000 old ages now pilgrims have been sing the temples at Haridwar, Rishikesh, Badrinath and Kedarnath in the hope of redemption and purification from wickedness. Recent developments in the part include enterprises by the province authorities to capitalise on the burgeoning visitant trade. The province besides plays host to some of the worst conceived bigdam undertakings in India such as the hideously big Tehri dike on the Bhagirathi-Bhilangana Rivers[ 2 ].HARIDWAR:Ancient Haridwar ( the Gateway to God ) is one of the seven holiest topographic points in India, and one of the oldest life metropoliss. For Hindus, a visit to Haridwar is believed to supply release from the eternal rhythm of decease and metempsychosis. Haridwar ‘s chief attractive forces are its temples ( particularlyA Mansa Devi temple, where the wish fulfilling goddess resides ) , A ghatsA ( stairss taking down to the river ) , and Ganges River. Peoples take a sanctum dip and cleanse their wickednesss. Haridwar territory, coveringA an areaA of aboutA 2360A KmA with aA population of 14, 44, 213, is inA theA western partA of UttarakhandA province of IndiaA andA extends from latitudeA 29A 58 ‘ in theA north toA longitudeA 78A 13 ‘ in theA E with semitropical clime. ItA receives 1000000s of tourers in everyA month, sometimes merely in oneA twenty-four hours, which increases theA numberA of cars of assorted classs upA toA 120 % per dayARISHIKESH:Rishikesh is yet another Centre of pilgrim's journey and tourer attractive force for Indians every bit good as aliens. Rishikesh is popularly known as the Yoga Capital of the World. Rishikesh is 28 kilometer from Haridwar on manner to Badrinath and is situated at the foothills on either side of sanctum river Ganga and is surrounded by Shivalik scopes from three sides. Rishikesh complex consists of three distinguishable countries, known as Rishikesh, Muni-ki-Reti and Swargashram. The town i s good known for modem and ancient Ashrams. REASON FOR THE POLLUTION:[ 3 ] In theA upper ranges of the Ganga, legion hydel undertakings threaten the river ‘s ecosystem. And in the fields, as the river flows through the provinces of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal, a toxic mix of untreated sewerage, discarded refuse, agricultural run-off and industrial waste flow unabated into it. Hindus regard the Ganga H2O as pure ; but in world it is pure toxic sludge! So much so that one of India ‘s most cherished resources was besides crowned one of the universe ‘s top five most contaminated rivers in 2007. The Ganga at Haridwar, where 1000s of fans take holy dip and cod H2O, continues to be polluted with sewerage, a scientist has said, proposing a â€Å" parallel canal scheme † for lasting bar of pollution. The state of affairs is most suffering and despite some waste H2O furnishings through a bit-by-bit system of cloacas, the town ‘s sewerage continues to flux about all along the Ganga canal at Haridwar. There is zero direction for solid waste which blocked many nalas, inlets/manholes ensuing non merely in flood of sewerage into the canal but led to most ugly and inaesthetic sites and disgusting smell.Nearly 89 million liters of sewerage is daily disposed into Ganga from the 12 municipal towns that fall along its path boulder clay Haridwar. The sum of sewerage disposed into the river increases during the Char Dham Yatra season when about 15 lakh pilgrims visit the province between May and October each twelvemonth. Harmonizing to the Ganga pollution control unit of Uttarakhand Peyjal Nigam, Haridwar entirely accounts for 37.36 million liters of the sewerage that goes straight to the Ganga without acquiring treated in any plant.A A A A Apart from sewerage disposal of half-burnt human organic structures at Haridwar and risky medical waste from the base infirmary at Srinagar due to absence of an incinerator are besides adding to pollution degrees in the Ganga. It is deserving adverting t hat despite disbursement overA Rs.A 1500 crores by the Ganga Action Plan since its origin in 1984, the river still remains contaminated. The 2nd stage of the undertaking, which is to acquire over in 2008, includes puting up of sewer lines in 8 metropoliss in Garhwal that autumn on the path of the river. Harmonizing to an estimation, during its 2510 kilometre-long class from Gaumukh till Bay of Bengal, about 1 billion liters of untreated sewerage gets disposed into the river.Impact of the Pollution:We should care about the go oning environmental debasement of our oceans and coastal countries because it is damaging to human wellness, economic development, clime and our planet ‘s shop of biodiversity. It is interfering with the sustainability of environment and its resources. Main beginnings of Marine pollution are atmosphere, river overflow, agribusiness, farm animal ‘s, urban overflow, cars, land glade, sewerage outfall, industrial waste etc. Thermal pollutionA is the debasement ofA H2O qualityA by any procedure that changes ambient waterA temperature. A common cause of thermic pollution is the usage of H2O as aA coolantA byA power plantsA and industrial makers. When H2O used as a coolant is returned to the natural environment at a higher temperature, the alteration in temperature ( a ) decreasesA oxygenA supply, and ( B ) affectsA ecosystemA composition.A Urban overflow — storm waterA discharged to come up Waterss fromA roads andA parking tonss — can besides be a beginning of elevated H2O temperatures. When a power works first opens or shuts down for fix or other causes, fish and other beings adapted to peculiar temperature scope can be killed by the disconnected rise in H2O temperature known as ‘thermal daze ‘ . Water quality is besides detoriating because of pollution in river Ganga and it is impacting marine ecosystem. Elevated temperature typically decreases the degree ofA dissolved oxygenA ( DO ) in H2O. The lessening in degrees of dissolved O ( DO ) can harm aquatic animate beings such as fish, A amphibiansA andA copepods. Thermal pollution may besides increase theA metabolicA rate of aquatic animate beings, asA enzyme activity, ensuing in these beings devouring more nutrient in a shorter clip than if their environment were non changed. An increased metabolic rate may ensue in fewer resources ; the more altered beings traveling in may hold an advantage over beings that are non used to the warmer temperature. As a consequence one has the job of compromisingA nutrient ironss of the old and new environments. BiodiversityA can be decreased as a consequence. Three chief types of inputs of pollution into the ocean are direct discharge of waste into the oceans, overflow into the Waterss due to rain, and pollutants that are released from the ambiance.Consequence OF POLLUTANTS ON MARINE ORGANISMSPollutants enters into to the oceans are largely diluted ; nevertheless the beings populating in the oceans tend to concentrate the pollutants into their organic structure by assorted mechanisms, like surface assimilation, soaking up, consumption etc. The concentration of pollutant additions with higher tropic degrees, i.e. from primary manufacturers to the third consumer. The threshold bound of beings to the pollutant concentration addition with increasing tropic degrees. Assorted manner of pollution conveyance in organisms includes bioconcentration, bioaccumulation and biomagnifications. Water pollution besides leads to Large scale decease of aquatic and tellurian animate beings, Reduced reproduction rate, Increased incidence of diseases, Imbalances created in secondary nutrient ironss, Accumulation of bioaccumulative and non-biodegradable pollutants in carnal organic structures, Some organochlorine pesticides ( like DDT, BHC, Endrin ) are known for bioaccumulative and biomagnifiable characters.Bad impact of Water Pollution on Environment and human wellness.The taint of H2O organic structures has enormous negative impact on environment, it has ability to destruct many carnal home grounds, and cause irreparable harm to many ecosystems. Water pollution is non merely killing 1000000s of people around the Earth each twelvemonth, it is besides killing 1000000s of workss and animate beings that merely can non get by with the increasing degrees of H2O pollution caused by different chemicals and other waste. In some countries of the universe H2O pollution issue is wholly out of control, and in these countries polluted H2O spreads different toxins and other chemicals into environment, doing it soiled, and above all unhealthy topographic point to populate in. Among the most common causes of H2O pollution include the pathogens, assorted chemicals or other contaminations every bit good as other thermic beginnings of pollution. Infective causes of pollution in H2O are normally the bacterium every bit good as other micro-organisms that are normally nutrient in the surface of the H2O. If their population exceeds the normal rate, so its effects would be inauspicious to the human wellness. Of class, the chemical beginnings of H2O pollution include those from detergents, germicides, nutrient processing wastes and many more. Water pollution can besides take to assorted diseases like purging or diarrhoea, ill tummy, tegument roseolas, Cancer.Legislation and Attempts to Clean Ganga River:The basic aim taken by the people was to to make mass consciousness for an eco-friendly non-violent civilization of development for the protection of our vital natural systems in general and of the sacred Ganga and the Himalayas in peculiar ; on the other manus, to set moral force per unit area on the authorities, to take time-bound decisive stairss to wholly and for good salvage the Ganga.Ganga Action Plan:The Ganga Action Plan or GAP was a plan launched byA Rajiv GandhiA in April 1986 in order to cut down the pollution burden on the river. But the attempts to diminish the pollution degree in the river became more after passing a ¤Ã‚ ° 901.71A CroreA ( ~190 million USD seting to rising prices ) .A Therefore, this program was withdrawn on 31 March 2000. The maneuvering Committee of the National River Conservation Authority reviewed the advancement of the GAP and necessary rectification on the footing of lessons learned and experiences gained from the GAP stage ; 2 strategies have been completed under this program. A million litres of sewerage is targeted to be intercepted, diverted and treated. Phase-II of the plan was approved in phases from 1993 onwards, and included the undermentioned feeders of the Ganges: Yamuna, Gomti, Damodar and Maha nanda.National River Ganga Basin Authority ( NRGBA ) :NRGBA was established by the Cardinal Government of India, on 20 February 2009 under Section 3 ( 3 ) of the Environment Protection Act, 1986. It besides declared Ganges as the â€Å" National River † of India.A The chair includes theA Prime Minister of IndiaA andA Chief MinistersA of provinces through which the Ganges flows. In exercising of the powers conferred by subaˆ?sections ( 1 ) and ( 3 ) of Section 3 of the Environment ( Protection ) Act, 1986 ( 29 of 1986 ) , the Central Government has constituted National Ganga River Basin Authority ( NGRBA ) as a planning, funding, monitoring and organizing authorization for beef uping the corporate attempts of the Central and State Government for effectual suspension of pollution and preservation of the river Ganga. One of the of import maps of the NGRBA is to fix and implement a Ganga River Basin: Environment Management Plan ( GRB EMP ) . A Consortium of 7 Indian Institute of Technology ( IIT ) has been given the duty of fixing Ganga River Basin: Environment Management Plan ( GRB EMP ) by the Ministry of Environment and Forests ( MoEF ) , GOI, New Delhi. Memorandum of Agreement ( MoA ) has been signed between 7 IITs ( Bombay, Delhi, Guwahati, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Madras and Roorkee ) and MoEF for this intent on July 6, 2010.Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission ( JNNURM )[ 4 ]:40 % of the entire financess under straight or indirectly marked for river preservation, so this has become an indispensable avenue for corruptness. Crores of rupees have gone down the drain over the past many old ages, but things have n't changed a spot. Rather state of affairs has farther deteriorated. Alternatively, inundation field and river bed of bulk of rivers have been sold by the authoritiess to the private builders. Meanwhile, militants of Jal Biradari and Tarun Bharat Sangh, who had earlier rattled the Uttarakhand authorities and forced it to suspend its hydro-electricity undertakings constructed over Ganga, have now started parading in Allahabad. Environmentalists and scientists would be in the Sangam metropolis to take part in the meet called ‘Ganga Sammelan ‘ which was held on September 23, 2011 The call for the meet has been given by Jal Biradari, a organic structure of river environmentalists headed by Magsaysay award victor Rajendra Singh. The participants aim to protest against the authorities ‘s move to put 1000s of crores on river preservation without unwraping its program of action.http: //articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/images/pixel.gifSave Ganga Movement:With the aid of many like-minded organisations and with the moral support from many spiritual leaders, religious and political, scientists, conservationists, authors and societal militants, initiated Save Ganga MovementA against the pollution of river Ganga and its feeders with a seminar on â€Å" Ganga aur hamaaraa daayitva † on 13thA Nov. 1998 at Kanpur. Renowned Gandhians, Shri Sunderlal Bahuguna and Dr. Kanchanlata Sabarwal, besides joined the Movement.Catastrophic Global Ecological Crisis:Harmonizing to the study of the World Wildlife Fund ( WWF ) published on20thA March 2007. Apart from the G anga, the Indus, Nile, and Yangtze are among the 10 most endangered rivers of the universe that are line of life of one million millions of people. Global heating could do more hungriness in hapless states and extinction of many animate being and works species and melt most glaciers of the Himalayas, which is the beginning of the Ganga, the Indus and many other great rivers, by the2030s, harmonizing to a bill of exchange UN study published on 6thA April,2007. The idea of Gandhiji, the apostle of Truth and non-violence of our age, does supply the signifier and content of a non-violent civilization of development in the context of our present technological age, which is the surest and possibly the lone solution to our impending ruinous planetary ecological crisis. The visionaries and Prophetss of all great faiths would hold with the Gandhian solution.Save Ganga Rally at Delhi ( 12thA Nov, 2000 ) :A ardent entreaty was made to the Hon'ble Rashtrapati for his counsel and active support in this cause. A national run was launched with a mass ralley in Delhi on 12thA Nov. 2000, with approvals from the so Hon'ble Prime Minister Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee and many high religious leaders including His Holiness Jagadguru Sri Sankaracharya of Kanchikotipuram, Rev. Dada J.P. Vaswani of Sadhu Vaswani Mission, Pune, in which high individuals like Shri Sundarlal Bahuguna, Smt Tara Gandhi Bhattacharyaji, Dr Kanchanlata Sabarwal, Dr Samprasad Vinod etc. participated.Save Ganga Yatra from Gangotri to Ganga Sagar ( May 2002-Nov 2003 ) :Following two old ages have been devoted to organizing the Save Ganga Yatra from Gangotri to Ganga Sagar in three stages during May 2002 to Nov 2003. In the class of the Yatra, we quite successfully held 3 Save Ganga Seminars and 6 Save Ganga Meetings in which many distinguished scientists, intellectuals, societal militants, societal leaders, Gandhians and spiritual leaders participated and expressed their positions.1stA National Workshop on ‘ Gandhi Ganga and Giriraj ‘ ( 1stA & A ; 2ndA October, 2004 )[ 5 ]:In the National Workshop on ‘Gandhi Ganga and Giriraj ‘ held on the juncture of Gandhi Jayanti as a portion of our Save Ganga Movement at Gandhi Darshan Samiti, Rajghat, Delhi on 1stA and 2ndA October 2004, aA Charter of Ten DemandsA were nem con accepted to be theA Ten Commandmentsto save the Ganga and the Himalayas. A book entitledA Gandhi Ganga and Giriraj, published by Navajivan Publishing House, Ahmedabad and NWO, Pune was released in the workshop.Save Ganga & A ; Save Himalayas March, New Delhi ( 12thA March, 2006 ) :We organized a Save Ganga & A ; Save Himalayas March from Bapuji ‘s Samadhi at Raj ghat to Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi on 12-03-2006, the 76thA Anniversary of Gandhji ‘s Dandi Yatra, and officially presentedA Our Charter of Ten DemandsA in the Office of our Hon'ble Rashtrapatiji in the signifier of an Appeal to Salvage the Ganga and the Himalayas. The Yatra was organi zed/ supported by about 24 organizations.A It was nem con resolved to observe the Day of Dandi Yatra, 12th March, every twelvemonth in the signifier a Save Ganga & A ; Save Himalaya March from Bapuji ‘s Samadhi to Rashtrapati Bhavan till the necessary stairss are taken to wholly and for good salvage the Ganga & A ; the Himalayas.A2ndA National Workshop on ‘Gandhi Ganga and Giriraj ‘ ( 1stA – 3rdA October, 2006 ) :The 2ndA National Workshop on ‘Gandhi Ganga and Giriraj'A was held on the juncture of Gandhi Jayanti as a portion of our Save Ganga Movement from 1stA to 3rdA October 2006 at Haridwar, Uttaranchal to discourse farther profoundly on assorted major issues refering protection of the Ganga and the Himalayas every bit good as to make public consciousness about it. As a portion of the workshop a seminar ‘Gandhi Ganga and Giriraj ‘ was held at M.C. Mehta Environmental Foundation, Eco Ashram at Haridwar on 1stA and 2ndA October 2006 and a Save Ganga & A ; Save Himalayas Public Meeting was held at Har Ki Paudi, Haridwar on 3A rdA October2006.Save Ganga & A ; Save Himalayas March, New Delhi A ( 12thA March, 2007 ) :A March was organized ; 2ndA Save Ganga & A ; Save Himalayas March from Bapuji ‘s Samadhi at Rajghat to Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi on 12-03-2007, the 77thA Anniversary of Gandhji ‘s Dandi Yatra in the Centinary twelvemonth of his Satyagrah in South Africa and presented the Charter of Ten Demands in the signifier of an entreaty to Salvage the Ganga & A ; the Himalayas.Save Ganga & A ; Save Himalayas March, New Delhi ( 12thA March, 2008 ) :Celebrated the 78thA Anniversary of Gandhji ‘s DandiA Yatra in theA A A signifier of aA Save Ganga & A ; A SaveA HimalayasA March fromA Bapuji'sA Samadhi atA RajghatA toA RashtrapatiA Bhavan, New DelhiA A on 12-03-2008.ASave Ganga & A ; Save Himalayas Meeting-cum-Panel Discussion, New Delhi ( 12thA March, 2010 ) :We celebrated the 80thA Anniversary of Ga ndhji ‘s DandiA Yatra in theA A A signifier of aA A A A Save Ganga & A ; A SaveA HimalayasA Meeting- cum- Panel Discussion at Gandhi Darsan, Rajghat, New Delhi on 12thMarch, 2010. There was an indispensable understanding on the following two points: The extremely earth quiver prone, eco-fragile Uttarkhand part of the Ganga Basin must be declared â€Å" Ecological Fragile † and its rivers â€Å" wild river † A and all stairss must be taken to protect themA and theA natural eco-systems theyA support 2.A A A Since our rivers are the beginning of imbibing H2O for crores of our common people and besides for the animate beings and STPs can non change over sewerage into drinkable H2O, industrial wastewaters and infirmary wastes treated or untreated and besides sewerage from the metropoliss and towns treated or untreated, must notA be allowed to come in into the rivers: A cloacas must be separated from rivers and sewerage must be converted intoA valuable natural manure for organic agriculture, bring forthing electricity in the procedure wherever possible.A The chief nonsubjective ofA â€Å" Save Ganga & A ; Save Himalayas Yatra fromA Badrinath to Rameshwar † is A to convey together under one roof assorted like-minded A high individuals from different watercourses of life A and like-minded spiritual leaders & A ; A spiritual establishments of different religions, Gandhian leaders & A ; Gandhian establishments, societal militants & A ; NGOs, etc. to give to the cause of making ( 1 ) The mass-awareness necessary A to salvage the Ganga, typifying all rivers and H2O organic structures, and the Giriraj Himalaya, typifying all mountains, woods and wildlife ( 2 ) TheA mass-awareness necessary A to make a Gandhian Non-violent Culture of Development, which is the surest and possibly the lone solution to our impending ruinous Global Ecological Crisis, through Save Ganga & A ; Save Himalayas Meetings/ Seminars/ Workshops, etc to be held in assorted major cities/ pilgrim's journey centres of our state in the class of the Yatra.A It is profoundly fulfilling that our Save Ganga Movement has succeeded to a great extent to bringA under one umbrella assorted like-minded eminent scientists, societal workers and organisations, A Gandhians, A A religious leaders and organisations to work togetherA for the perfectly non-controversial baronial cause of Salvaging the Ganga and the Himalayas.Supreme Court of India:The Supreme Court has been working on the closing and resettlement of many of the industrial workss along the Ganges and in 2010 the authorities declared the stretch of river between Gaumukh andA UttarkashiA an â€Å" eco-sensitive zone † .Nigamanand:In early 2011, a Hindu visionary namedA Swami Nigamananda SaraswatiA fasted unto decease, protesting against illegal excavation go oning in the territory ofA HaridwarA ( inA Uttarakhand ) ensuing in pollution.A Following his decease in June 2011, hisA AshramA leader Swami Shivananda fasted for 11 yearss get downing on November 25, 2011, taking his motion fr ontward. Finally, the UttarkhandA authorities released an order to censor illegal mining all over Haridwar district.A Harmonizing to disposal functionaries, quarrying in the Ganges would now be studied by a particular commission which would measure its environmental impacts the river and its nearby countries.Prof. G. D. Agrawal:Noted environmental militant, Prof.A G. D. AgrawalA sat for fast unto decease on 15 January 2012.A Due to back up from other societal militants likeA Anna Hazare, theA Prime Minister of India, A Manmohan SinghA agreed to Prof. Agrawal ‘s demands. Consequently, he called for a National River Ganga Basin Authority ( NRGBA ) meeting and urged the governments to use the 2,600 crore ( ~520MA USD ) sanctionedA for making sewer webs, sewerage intervention workss, sewerage pumping Stationss, electric crematory, community lavatories and development of river foreparts.Failure of Ganga Action Plan:It is genuinely deeply anguishing that we have failed to do the Gan ga free from pollution in malice of our cardinal authorities establishing the Ganga Action Plan in 1985, and passing 100s of crores of rupees for this intent, even though we know that the Ganga is the line of life of our crores of people and crores of our people consider her to be their Godhead female parent, and our experts claim that we have the necessary cognition, accomplishment and wealth to do the Ganga and her feeders wholly pollution free withinA 4-5 years.A GAP suffered from the undermentioned restrictions[ 6 ]: Merely a portion of the pollution burden of the river could be tackled. GAP concentrated on bettering the H2O quality of Ganga, in footings of organic pollution and dissolved O. Merely the effluent of towns fluxing through the drains to the river was targeted. Connections of family lavatories to the cloaca system, solid waste direction, and some other critical facets of municipal activities, which impinge on the H2O quality were non addressed. The issue of guaranting environmental flows in the river was non attended to. This has become progressively of import in position of the viing demands on the Ganga H2O for imbibing, irrigation and power coevals. Adopting more efficient H2O preservation patterns could hold reduced the demand for abstraction of H2O from Ganga. Problems of land acquisition, tribunal instances, contractual issues and unequal capacities in the local bodies/implementing bureaus came in the manner of rapid execution. Tree screen in the Ganga basin has reduced well and set down usage form has changed taking to dirty eroding. Sediment output and its sedimentation on the river bed were besides non monitored. Pollution burden from non-point beginnings was addressed marginally. No attending was paid to run-off from agricultural Fieldss, which brings non biodegradable Pesticides into the river. Measures necessary for the bar of pollution of the river H2O while be aftering New colonies or enlargement of the present 1s were non considered. Watershed development every bit good as groundwater and surface H2O interaction were non covered. Merely Class-I towns on the Bankss of rivers were taken up. Thus a big figure of urban colonies remained outside the horizon of the Plan. Pollution from rural sector was non addressed. Several parametric quantities such as heavy metals, pesticides, N and phosphoric were non monitored. These parametric quantities have become of import with increased industrialisation and urbanisation.Suggestions and Recommendations:Gangotri Valley to be viewed as a topographic point of pilgrim touristry and religious activities. All Commercial activities in the locality of Gangotri ( say within 500 m ) to be transformed into eco friendly activities. Plan for environment protection and saving of natural and pristine conditions ( e.g. hotel civilization to be changed to hut civilization ; terrible limitations on nightlong stay of tourers, publicity of pilgrim touristry than commercial touristry, easing â€Å" Pad Yatra † , promoting usage of locally available stuffs, proviso for unintegrated aggregation of full solid waste of all sorts, wholly extinguishing disposal of any sort of waste from anthropogenetic beginnings in the vale, complete recycle/reuse and transition into acceptable merchandises of wastes generated ; sanitation and bathing installations with no direct/indirect discharge into river vale, control of noise and unreal lighting, etc. ) . Harshil to be developed as nature friendly, zero waste terminal pilgrim tourer topographic point with installations of ashrams, invitee houses, parking, cyberspace, etc. Environmental Flow ( E Flow ) to be estimated at assorted topographic points, peculiarly for those stretches where river flow has been modified. Flow measuring and show devices to be developed for all such stretches by the undertaking implementer. All bing hydro electric undertakings may be redesigned and operated based on demand of E-flows. Community lavatories and wash suites with zero discharge of solid and liquid wastes to be developed at figure of topographic points as per approved program for the full UGS. River Bank and River Water Quality Management Plan to be prepared expeditiously for Uttarkashi, Shrinagar, New Tehri Town, Rudra Prayag, Dev Prayag and Rishikesh on precedence. Eutrophication potency of all impoundings to be assessed and measures taken to command release of foods from point and nonaˆ?point beginnings. Industries straight or indirectly dispatching their solid/liquid wastes into Ganga must be directed to follow best available patterns for pull offing solid/liquid wastes and achieve complete recycling of H2O and proper disposal of solid wastes/sludges as per norms enforced by the regulation bureaus. Ganges Dolphin Conservation Zone Garhmukteshwar – Narora Barrage to be declared as â€Å" NO GO AREA † for which elaborate surveies have been done by World Wildlife Fund, India. Hydrological and morphological surveies for pull offing sediment conveyance and H2O resources. Function of the Ganga Basin Preparation of a Compendium of sewerage intervention engineerings. Discussion on modes of Particular Purpose Vehicles ( SPV ) at appropriate locations as a agency of mobilising private sector resources and accomplishing efficiencies. Collection, analysis and airing of information relating to environmental pollution in the river Ganga. Probes and research sing jobs of environmental pollution and preservation of the river Ganga. Promotion of H2O preservation patterns including recycling and reuse, rain H2O harvest home, and decentralised sewerage intervention systems. Monitoring and reappraisal of the execution of assorted programmes or activities taken up for bar, control and suspension of pollution in the river Ganga. Issue of waies under subdivision 5 of the Environment ( Protection ) Act, 1986 for the intent of exerting and executing all or any of the above maps and for accomplishment of its aim.Decision:The Pollution degree in the River Ganges has raised to a great extent and if it is non controlled now so the sacred Ganga wo n't be that Holy any longer as it will be the Centre to distribute disease and convey marine life to an terminal. The GAP should be brought into proper execution and societal consciousness among people is a must to accomplish this end. Peoples should come frontward to salvage this river from being polluted more. Salvage the Ganga River is the demand of the hr now.